tailieunhanh - BASIC HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT - CHAPTER 8

Ngăn ngừa ô nhiễm, Hạn chế tối đa chất thải, tái sử dụng, và tái chế MỤC TIÊU Hoàn thành chương này, học sinh nên: • Hiểu được các phương pháp tiếp cận hoạt động cơ bản để giảm thiểu chất thải, nghĩa là, thay đổi sản phẩm, kiểm soát nguồn, sử dụng và tái sử dụng, và khai hoang. • Hãy làm quen với các nguyên tắc, quy trình, và thực hành đánh giá giảm thải. • Hiểu biết về các mệnh lệnh của giảm thiểu chất thải, giảm, tái sử dụng và tái chế. • Hãy làm quen với cơ. | 8 Pollution Prevention Waste Minimization Reuse and Recycling OBJECTIVES At completion of this chapter the student should Understand the basic operational approaches to waste minimization . product changes source controls use and reuse and reclamation. Be familiar with the principles process and practice of waste reduction assessment. Understand the imperatives of waste minimization reduction reuse and recycling. Be familiar with the RCRA regulatory mechanisms and program incentives to achieve waste minimization the national policy aspects and the local impediments. Be similarly familiar with the objectives of the Pollution Prevention Act and the implementing mechanisms. INTRODUCTION We now take up the most important issue in the study of hazardous waste management the elimination or reduction in the quantity of waste generated. Throughout the previous chapters we have emphasized the fact that much of what has passed for hazardous waste management ultimately came to little more than moving it around transferring it from one environmental medium to another changing its form or hiding it. Great strides have been made in the sophistication of regulatory programs treatment and destruction technology and secure disposal. The thrust of industries and government until recently has been toward ever-tightening pollution control rather than pollution prevention. Politicians and others are fond of referring to this traditional sanitary engineering approach as the end-of-the-pipe mentality. The legislate-regulate-treat-dispose approach has three primary roots 2001 by CRC Press LLC 1. As hazardous wastes became a more serious aspect of industrial management they were initially handled in a manner similar to the handling of sewage and refuse. There is little that can be done to reduce the amount of sewage generated so we taught ourselves to treat it to make it less threatening to our health and aesthetic sensibilities and to our environment. Refuse management was based upon .