tailieunhanh - Air Sampling and Industrial Hygiene Engineering - Chapter 10

Chiến lược sức khỏe nghề nghiệp-Air-Giám sát Chương này thảo luận về OSHA và NIOSH giao thức hiện tại và ứng dụng của họ. Nó bao gồm ở dạng bảng chiến lược không khí theo dõi có thể được phê duyệt trong tương lai. Một khi tiếp xúc với nhân viên đáng kể là một mối quan tâm tiềm năng, tiếp xúc như vậy cần phải được đo. Các bước tiếp theo là chọn một nhân viên tối đa nguy cơ. Khi có quá trình khác nhau mà nhân viên có thể tiếp xúc với chất hóa học quan tâm, một. | CHAPTER 10 Occupational Health Air-Monitoring Strategies This chapter discusses the current OSHA and NIOSH protocols and their applicability. It includes in tabular form the air-monitoring strategies that may be approved in the future. Once substantial employee exposure is a potential concern such exposure needs to be measured. The next step is to select a maximum-risk employee. When there are different processes where employees may be exposed to the chemical of concern a maximum-risk employee should be selected for each work operation. The action level should usually be the OSHAPEL. Selection of the maximum-risk employee requires professional judgment. The best procedure for selecting the maximum risk employee is to observe employees and select the person closest to the chemical source. Employee mobility may affect this selection . if the closest employee task requires mobility this worker may not be the maximum risk employee. Air movement patterns and differences in work habits will also affect selection of the maximum risk employee. When many employees perform essentially the same task a maximum-risk employee cannot be selected. In this circumstance it is necessary to resort to random sampling of the group of workers. The objective is to select a subgroup of adequate size so that there is a high probability that the random sample will contain at least one worker with high exposure. The number of persons in the group influences the number that needs to be sampled to ensure that at least one individual from the highest 10 exposure group is contained in the sample. For example to have 90 confidence in the results if the group size is 10 9 will be sampled for 50 only 18 need to be sampled. If measurement shows exposure to the chemical at or above the action level or the STEL all other employees who may be exposed at or above the action level or STEL need to be identified. Measurement or otherwise accurate characterization of their exposure must be accomplished. .