tailieunhanh - Optimal Control with Engineering Applications Episode 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'optimal control with engineering applications episode 8', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 62 2 Optimal Control Due to the nontriviality requirement for the vector A0 A tb the following conditions must be satisfied on a singular arc A 1 Ao t -1 xo t 2 uo t a U. Therefore a singular arc is possible if the catching capacity U of the fleet is sufficiently large namely U ab 4. Note that both the fish population x t and the catching rate u t are constant on the singular arc. Since the differential equation governing A t is homogeneous an optimal singular arc can only occur if the fish population is exterminated exactly at the final time tb with A tb -1 because otherwise A tb would have to vanish. An optimal singular arc occurs if the initial fish population xa is sufficiently large such that x b 2 can be reached. Obviously the singular arc can last for a very long time if the final time tb is very large. This is the sustainability aspect of this dynamic system. Note that the singular equilibrium of this nonlinear system is semi-stable. The optimal singular arc begins when the population x b 2 is reached either from above with uo t U or from below with uo t 0. It ends when it becomes necessary to exterminate the fish exactly at the final time tb by applying uo t U. For more details about this fascinating problem see 18 . Fuel-Optimal Atmospheric Flight of a Rocket Statement of the optimal control problem See Chapter Problem 4 p. 7. The problem has a unique optimal solution provided the specified final state xb lies in the set of states which are reachable from the given initial state xa at the fixed final time tb. If the final state lies in the interior of this set the optimal solution contains a singular arc where the rocket flies at a constant speed. Kill as much time as possible while flying at the lowest possible constant speed. Minimizing the fuel consumption J 6 u t dt is equivalent to maximizing the final mass x3 tb of the rocket. Thus the most suitable cost functional is T u x3 tb Singular Optimal Control 63 which we want to maximize. It

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