tailieunhanh - Science of Everyday Things Vol. 2 - Physics Episode 12

Tham khảo tài liệu 'science of everyday things vol. 2 - physics episode 12', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Magnetism KEY TERMS ELECTROMAGNET A type of magnet in which an object is charged by an electrical current. Typically the object used is made of iron which quickly loses magnetic force when current is reduced. Thus an electromagnet can be turned on or off and its magnetic force altered making it potentially much more powerful than a natural magnet. ELECTROMAGNETISM The unified electrical and magnetic force field generated by the passage of an electric current through matter. ELECTRONS Negatively charged subatomic particles whose motion relative to one another creates magnetic force. MAGNETIC FIELD Wherever a magnetic force acts on a moving charged particle a magnetic field is said to exist. Magnetic fields are typically measured by a unit called a tesla. NATURAL MAGNET A chemical element in which the magnetic fields created by electrons relative motion align uniformly to create a net magnetic dipole or unity of direction. Such elements among them iron cobalt and nickel are also known as magnetic metals. PERMANENT MAGNET A magnetic material in which groups of atoms known as domains are brought into alignment and in which magnetization cannot be changed merely by attempting to realign the domains. Permanent magnetization is reversible only at very high temperatures for example 1 418 F 770 C in the case of iron. would make possible a form of transport that could move large numbers of people in relative comfort thus decreasing the environmental impact of automobiles and do so at much higher speeds than a car could safely attain. Actually the idea of MAGLEV trains goes back to a time when trains held complete supremacy over automobiles as a mode of transportation specifically 1907 when rocket pioneer Robert Goddard 1882-1945 wrote a story describing a vehicle that traveled by means of magnetic levitation. Just five years later French engineer Emile Bachelet produced a working model for a MAGLEV train. But the amount of magnetic force required to lift such a vehicle made

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