tailieunhanh - Modern Grammars of Case anderson phần 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'modern grammars of case anderson phần 8', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Groundedness The Typicality of Case 293 a. Hasan ol-dti Hasan die-PST Hasan died b. Ali Hasan-I ol-dii r-dii Ali Hasan-ACC die-CAUS-PST Ali killed Hasan But this does not disguise a systematic associative lexical relationship between kill and die that is parallel to that found with overtly related forms and this relationship depends on the categorial complexity of kill. Categorially complex forms like kill and pilgrim are thus distinguished from ol-dur and the verb thank by disappointing any expectation that expression of a complex item retains in some respect the form of the base . The complex category is either independently lexicalized from its associated base kill versus die or the base is not lexicalized has no independent expression as with pilgrim. Consider now in a little more detail a slightly more complex case. The causative relation is again made overt in the Tamil sentences in 18 with overt marking of a causative relation between the two verbs from Kandiah 1968 18 a. pi ay sooRu child rice ACC ate The child ate rice b. ammaa sooRu uuffunaal mother child DAT rice ACC The mother fed rice to the child And compare the verbs used in the English translation suggested in brackets there is no expression in the translation of the relationship between the two verbs. But the syntactic disposition of the arguments is the same in the Tamil and in the translation give or take language-particular differences like presence or absence of case inflections . Present-day English feed however has a reminiscence in shape if now only a vague one of a nominal base namely that corresponding to the noun food. The relationship is no longer transparent. Compare the Old English ancestors in 19 and 20 19 And pam he forgiffl one gastlican fodan and them DAT he gives the ACC spiritual ACC food ACC 294 Modern Grammars of Case 20 He fedde hie mid godcundum wordum he fed them DAT with sacred words The fod-fed-alternation here is part of a general .