tailieunhanh - TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH HỌC VIỆN CÔNG NGHỆ BƯU CHÍNH VIỄN THÔNG phần 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'tiếng anh chuyên ngành học viện công nghệ bưu chính viễn thông phần 3', ngoại ngữ, anh văn thương mại phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Unit 3. The Basic Transmission Systems method is still used in the local networks of many countries. Nowadays due to the demands on operating reliability local networks are built up using aerial or underground cable. Between the subscriber and the local exchange two-wire circuits are used often placed in symmetric cable pairs. Between the local and transit exchanges either two- or four-wire circuits are used. On longer routes it may be advantageous to use PCM on coaxial cable. These cables are also used for FDM systems transmitting up to 10 800 telephone channels. At regular intervals along the coaxial line line amplifiers are provided these are mounted in underground housings and are called intermediate repeaters . In principle the greater the number of channels transmitted the larger the number of repeaters required. Since 1965 satellites have become increasingly important for long distance communication especially across the oceans. In principle the satellite operates as an intermediate repeater signals are received amplified and transmitted to the ground station on the receive side. Satellites use the same frequency band as radio relay systems. Radio relay links operate with line of sight between the send and receive stations. In principle the greater the diameter of the parabola in relation to the wavelength the higher the degree of directivity. In terminal repeater stations situated in ground stations and transit exchanges speech signals are modulated and combined before transmission. Each separate conversation is shifted to a significantly higher frequency range. This is done in a number of steps. First by selecting suitable modulation frequencies the conversations can be placed next to each other along the frequency axis. Then they are transmitted as a group to the receive side where a similar station demodulates the signals and extracts the various conversations before they are transmitted in two-or four-wire circuits to another transit exchange. . Main

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