tailieunhanh - Appendix A: The Financing of the 9/11 Plot

Legislative actions in the early 1980s were designed to aid the S&L industry but in fact increased the eventual cost of the crisis. The two principal laws passed were the De- pository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 (DIDMCA) and the Garn St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (Garn St Germain). 23 DIDMCA re- duced net worth requirements and Garn St Germain wrote capital forbearance into law. DIDMCAreplaced the previous statutory net worth requirement of 5 percent of insured ac- counts with a range of 3 6 percent of insured accounts, the exact percentage to be deter- mined by the Bank Board. Garn St Germain went even further in loosening. | Terrorist Financing Staff Monograph Appendix A The Financing of the 9 11 Plot This appendix provides additional detail on the funding of the 9 11 plot itself and how the Commission staff investigated the plot financing. Staff Investigation of the 9 11 Plot The staff s investigation of the 9 11 plot built on the extensive investigations conducted by the . government particularly the FBI. The government thoroughly examined the plot s financial transactions and the Commission staff had neither the need nor the resources to duplicate that work. Rather the staff independently assessed the earlier investigation. We had access to the actual evidence of the plotters financial transactions including . and foreign bank account statements fund transfer records and other financial records. We also had access to the FBI s extensive work product including analyses financial spreadsheets and timelines and relevant summaries of interviews with witnesses such as bank tellers money exchange operators and others with knowledge of the conspirators financial dealings. We were briefed by and formally interviewed the FBI agents who led the plot-financing investigation sometimes more than once. In addition to the FBI we met with key people from other agencies including the CIA and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network FinCEN who had relevant knowledge about the plot financing. Commission staff also interviewed law enforcement officials from other countries who had investigated the 9 11 plot reviewed investigative materials from other countries and interviewed relevant private-sector witnesses. Finally the staff regularly received relevant reports on the interrogations of the plot participants now in custody. Financing of the Plot To plan and conduct their attack the 9 11 plotters spent somewhere between 400 000 and 500 000 the vast majority of which was provided by al Qaeda. Although the origin of the funds remains unknown extensive investigation has revealed quite a bit about .