tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Posttraumatic osteoarthritis: pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment options"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Posttraumatic osteoarthritis: pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment options. | Lotz Arthritis Research Therapy 2010 12 211 http content 12 3 211 REVIEW L_ Posttraumatic osteoarthritis pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment options Martin K Lotz Abstract Joint trauma can lead to a spectrum of acute lesions including osteochondral fractures ligament or meniscus tears and damage to the articular cartilage. This is often associated with intraarticular bleeding and causes posttraumatic joint inflammation. Although the acute symptoms resolve and some of the lesions can be surgically repaired joint injury triggers a chronic remodeling process in cartilage and other joint tissues that ultimately manifests as osteoarthritis in a majority of cases. The objective of the present review is to summarize information on pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the acute and chronic consequences of joint trauma and discuss potential pharmacological interventions. The focus of the review is on the early events that follow joint trauma since therapies for posttraumatic joint inflammation are not available and this represents a unique window of opportunity to limit chronic consequences. Introduction Joint trauma leads to acute posttraumatic arthritis and in the majority of individuals as a long-term complication to osteoarthritis OA 1 . There are an estimated 900 000 cases of knee injuries annually in the United States and posttraumatic OA accounts for 12 of all cases of OA 2 . In some joints such as the ankle OA predominantly develops after joint trauma 2 . As posttraumatic OA primarily affects younger individuals 3 4 it leads to reduced physical activity and to deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system. Joint replacement in this young patient group is complicated by the limited lifespan of the implants. OA risk increases with patient age at the time of injury and with time from the onset of injury 4 5 . The presence Correspondence mlotz@ Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine The Scripps Research Institute .