tailieunhanh - ielts for academic purposes 6 practice tests with key phần 3

IELTS cho các mục đích học thuật là một quá trình thân thiện với người sử dụng ngắn gọn được thiết kế để được sử dụng mạnh mẽ trong những tuần và tháng trước khi kỳ thi. Đó là lý tưởng cho cả hai lớp học và tự học. | to close on 50 million. Britain was now supplying cheaper and better quality clothing to a global market. Yet during the course of the 20th century Britain lost its position as a major textile manufacturer. So what happened There are a number of views on this question not all of them conflicting and where there is disagreement it is usually about when the decline began. Whether it began before the First World War 1914-18 or during the inter-war years 1919-1939 or after 1945 most economists would give roughly the same reasons. To start with there was competition from abroad especially from developing countries in the Far East notably Japan. It was thought by manufacturers that the best way to combat this increased competition was to modernise. However management and the labour unions were unable to agree on how to handle this situation. Modernisation would mean people losing their jobs and possibly a change in labour practices. Such changes as were made served only to slow down the industry s decline rather than help regain its predominant position. Economically less developed countries on the other hand had the advantage of being able to provide low wage competition without the problem of powerful labour unions. There are of course many other reasons for the textile industry s decline two of which became particularly noticeable in the late twentieth century and are related. The first is outsourcing when manufacturers establish factories in countries where there is cheap labour. This obviously leads to less demand for locally-produced goods. Related to this the textile and clothing industries have acquired a bad reputation for exploiting workers often illegal immigrants in sweatshops where they are forced to work long hours and are paid far less than the minimum wage. We seem to be back with Crotchet and Sorocold and their first live-in factory. The globalising trend of out-sourcing however was a rational response to the growing competition from overseas which it .