tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " Involvement of microRNAs in physiological and pathological processes in the lung"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài:" Involvement of microRNAs in physiological and pathological processes in the lung. | Tomankova et al. Respiratory Research 2010 11 159 http content 11 1 159 RESPIRATORY RESEARCH REVIEW Open Access Involvement of microRNAs in physiological and pathological processes in the lung Tereza Tomankova Martin Petrek Eva Kriegova Abstract To date at least 900 different microRNA miRNA genes have been discovered in the human genome. These short single-stranded RNA molecules originate from larger precursor molecules that fold to produce hairpin structures which are subsequently processed by ribonucleases Drosha Pasha and Dicer to form mature miRNAs. MiRNAs play role in the posttranscriptional regulation of about one third of human genes mainly via degradation of target mRNAs. Whereas the target mRNAs are often involved in the regulation of diverse physiological processes ranging from developmental timing to apoptosis miRNAs have a strong potential to regulate fundamental biological processes also in the lung compartment. However the knowledge of the role of miRNAs in physiological and pathological conditions in the lung is still limited. This review therefore summarizes current knowledge of the mechanism function of miRNAs and their contribution to lung development and homeostasis. Besides the involvement of miRNAs in pulmonary physiological conditions there is evidence that abnormal miRNA expression may lead to pathological processes and development of various pulmonary diseases. Next the review describes current state-of-art on the miRNA expression profiles in smoking-related diseases including lung cancerogenesis in immune system mediated pulmonary diseases and fibrotic processes in the lung. From the current research it is evident that miRNAs may play role in the posttranscriptional regulation of key genes in human pulmonary diseases. Further studies are therefore necessary to explore miRNA expression profiles and their association with target mRNAs in human pulmonary diseases. A. miRNA definition biology and function Discovery of .