tailieunhanh - FERROELECTRICS – MATERIAL ASPECTS_2

Ferroelectric materials have been and still are widely used in many applications, that have moved from sonar towards breakthrough technologies such as memories or optical devices. This book is a part of a four volume collection (covering material aspects, physical effects, characterization and modeling, and applications) and focuses on ways to obtain high-quality materials exhibiting large ferroelectric activity. The book covers the aspect of material synthesis and growth, doping and composites, lead-free devices, and thin film synthesis | 12 New Multiferroic Materials Bi2FeMnO6 Hongyang Zhao1 Hideo Kimura1 Qiwen Yao1 Yi Du2 Zhenxiang Cheng2 and Xiaolin Wang2 National Institute for Materials Science 2Institute for Superconducting and Electronics Materials University of Wollongong 1Japan 2Australia 1. Introduction The term ferroic was introduced by Aizu in 1970 and presented a unified treatment of certain symmetry-dictated aspects of ferroelectric ferroelastic and ferromagnetic materials. Ferroelectric materials possess a spontaneous polarization that is stable and can be switched hysteretically by an applied electric field antiferroelectric materials possess ordered dipole moments that cancel each other completely within each crystallographic unit cell. Ferromagnetic materials possess a spontaneous magnetization that is stable and can be swithched hysteretically by an applied magnetic field antiferromagnetic materials possess ordered magnetic moments that cancel each other completely within each magnetic unit cell. By the original definition a single-phase multiferroic material is one that possesses more than one ferroic properties ferroelectricity ferromagnetism or ferroelasticity. But the classification of multiferroics has been broadened to include antiferroic order. Multiferroic materials in which ferroelectricity and magnetism coexist the control of magnetic properties by an applied electric field or in contrast the switching of electrical polarization by a magnetic field have attracted a great deal of interest. Now we can classify multiferroic materials into two parts one is single-phase materials the other is layered or composite heterostructures. The most desirable situation would be to discover an intrinsic single-phase multiferroic material at room temperature. However BiFeOs is the only known perovskite oxides that exhibits both antiferromagnetism and ferroelectricity above room temperature. Thus it is essential to broaden the searching field for new candidates which resulted in .

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