tailieunhanh - Schooling and Adolescent Reproductive Behavior in Developing Countries

This report evaluates the responses of the United Nations to the questions of human cloning governance. The difference between reproductive human cloning and using of cloning technology for research is explained followed by an ethical analysis of cloning. Discussion of ethics at the UN level often brings to mind the notion of deep, profound, commonly held principles to guide human actions. While general ethical principles, such as the principle of doing no harm in medical practice, are widely respected, the question of what amounts to harm is less easily defi ned. The debate on reproductive and research. | Schooling and Adolescent Reproductive Behavior in Developing Countries Cynthia B. Lloyd Millenniumproject Background paper to the report Public Choices Private Decisions Sexual and Reproductive Health and the Millennium Development Goals Schooling and Adolescent Reproductive Behavior in Developing Countries Cynthia B. Lloyd1 Population Council This background paper was prepared at the request of the UN Millennium Project to contribute to the report Public Choices Private Decisions Sexual and Reproductive Health and the Millennium Development Goals. The analyses conclusions and recommendations contained herein are the responsibility of the author alone. Front cover photo TK 1 I acknowledge a major intellectual debt to members of the NAS panel on Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries which I served as chair as well as to Ann Blanc who served as a consultant to the panel. While most of the tabulations presented here have been specially prepared for this paper the ideas and the basic approach to the topics covered in this paper have their origins in the work of the panel. I am grateful to Monica Grant for the tabulations prepared for the paper and to Barbara Miller for their graphical presentation. 1 ABSTRACT The rapid growth in school attendance and attainment rates in developing countries has meant that a rising proportion of young people are becoming sexually mature while still attending school often while still attending primary school. Unprotected sexual activity carries with it risks to reproductive health at any age but most particularly during adolescence because the risks of infection are greater when full physical maturation is incomplete and the risks of pregnancy are greater at the youngest maternal ages and when the pregnancy is unwanted which is often the case when a pregnancy occurs prior to marriage. This paper draws primarily on recent DHS data to document trends in schooling and adolescent reproductive behaviors among adolescents and then .