tailieunhanh - CURRENT CLINICAL UROLOGY - PART 5

vượt qua thành niệu quản hoặc vào vỏ bọc truy cập, sau đó một ống thông 5-Cha Kumpe có thể được thông qua trong guidewire để cung cấp khả năng cơ động cao hơn. Sau khi guidewire được thông qua vào niệu quản | Chapter 8 Percutaneous Stone Removal 135 pass down into the ureter or into the access sheath then a 5-Fr Kumpe catheter can be passed over the guidewire to provide greater maneuverability. After a guidewire is passed into the ureter the tract can be dilated. If the guidewire passes down and out the ureteral access sheath its urethral end is clamped to maintain through-and-through access. Over the guidewire a fascial incising needle is passed this will incise the fascia to 5 mm. Next an 8 10-Fr coaxial dilator sheath is passed percuta-neously. The 8-Fr catheter is removed and an Amplatz super-stiff guidewire is placed down the ureter or into the access sheath. If the 8 10-Fr sheath does not pass easily over the niti-nol guidewire then a 5-Fr open-ended angiographic catheter can be passed the nitinol guidewire can then be exchanged for an Amplatz type super-stiff guidewire following which the 5-Fr angiographic catheter is removed. Following this the 8 10-Fr system is passed and a second guidewire usually a floppy-tip . type is passed into the system. The floppy-tip guidewire is sutured to the flank with a 0-silk it thus becomes another safety guidewire. The Amplatz super-stiff guidewire thus serves as the working guidewire over which all other catheters and dilators will be passed. If access is lost during the case then the suture is removed from the safety guidewire and another working guidewire is placed the safety guidewire is then sutured again to the skin. Next a 30-Fr high-pressure . rated to 15-20 atm dilating balloon catheter is passed over the working guidewire . Amplatz super-stiff guidewire until the tip of the balloon rests within the calyx but proximal to the infundibulum of the calyx. Use of a dilating balloon system has been found to have a 10 transfusion rate vs 25 for use of the Amplatz sequential dilator system 88 . The balloon is then inflated and the 30-Fr nephrostomy sheath is passed over the balloon until it too resides within the

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