tailieunhanh - Vaginal Surgery for Incontinence and Prolapse - part 10

Bệnh nhân với bàng quang thần kinh là các ứng cử viên chính phải trải qua một BNC. Trung ương và ngoại biên rối loạn hệ thống thần kinh như bệnh đa xơ cứng, tổn thương tủy sống, và chứng mất trí có thể gây ra rối loạn chức năng bàng quang dẫn đến việc | Bladder Neck Closure Aaron D. Berger and Christopher E. Kelly Indications. 277 Patient Evaluation. 278 Surgical Technique. 278 Vaginal Approach . 278 Abdominal Approach . 279 Complications . 280 Outcomes . 280 Conclusion. 280 Bladder neck closure BNC is a procedure that although not performed frequently can be very beneficial for an appropriately selected patient. The traditional role of BNC was in the female patient with a neurogenic bladder destroyed bladder neck and patulous urethra from longterm indwelling catheter drainage 1-4 . Other options for urethral reconstruction using vagina or bowel have been reported but are very complex and attempts to create a patent and continent outlet are often unsuccessful 5 . Other indications for the procedure have included bladder neck destruction from pelvic trauma labor and delivery complications and multiple failed surgical interventions to treat incontinence or urethrovaginal fistulas 6 . Bladder neck closure can be combined with other procedures such as creation of a continent catheterizable stoma both separately or in combination with augmentation cystoplasty for patients with small capacity bladders or refractory detrusor overactivity 6-8 . If the patient is unwilling or unable to perform intermittent catheterization urinary drainage can be managed with a suprapubic tube or an ileovesicostomy 9 . In early reports BNC was often unsuccessful but refinements in patient selection and surgical technique have significantly improved patient outcomes 13 . Indications Patients with neurogenic bladders are the primary candidates to undergo a BNC. Central and peripheral nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis spinal cord injury and dementia can cause bladder dysfunction resulting in the need for chronic catheter drainage. Over time the indwelling urethral catheter can cause destruction of the urethra via pressure necrosis. This process is typically seen in patients who have had indwelling catheters for 5 years or .

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