tailieunhanh - Tropospheric Air Pollution: Ozone, Airborne Toxics, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and Particles

Tham khảo tài liệu 'tropospheric air pollution: ozone, airborne toxics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particles', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ môi trường phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Articles mass of the ITCZ Fst is the vertical mass flux per storm and Nst is the number of active storms. H. Riehl and J. M. Simpson Contrib. Atmos. Phys. 52 287 1979 . 9. D. Kley etal. Science 274 230 1996 . 10. D. Kley etal. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. in press. 11. A. R. Numaguti et al. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 73 267 1995 B. E. Mapes and P. Zuidema J. Atmos. Sci. 53 620 1996 . 12. Potential temperature 0 is defined as 0 T Tropospheric Air Pollution Ozone Airborne Toxics Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Particles Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts and James N. Pitts Jr. Tropospheric air pollution has impacts on scales ranging from local to global. Reactive intermediates in the oxidation of mixtures of volatile organic compounds VOCs and oxides of nitrogen NOx play central roles the hydroxyl radical OH during the day the nitrate radical NO3 at night and ozone O3 which contributes during the day and night. Halogen atoms can also play a role during the day. Here the implications of the complex VOC-NOxchemistryforO3 control arediscussed. In addition OH NO3 and O3 are shown to play a central role in the formation and fate of airborne toxic chemicals mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fine particles. Tropospheric air pollution has a long and storied history 1 2 . From at least the 13th century up to the mid-20th century documented air pollution problems were primarily associated with high concentrations of sulfur dioxide SO2 and soot particles. These problems are often dubbed London Smog because of a severe episode in that city in 1952. However with the discovery of photochemical air pollution in the Los Angeles area in the mid-1940s high concentrations of O3 and photochemical oxidants and their associated impacts on human health have become a major issue worldwide. In this article we discuss recent research on air pollution on scales ranging from local to regional although analogous chemistry occurs on a global scale as discussed in the accompanying articles by .

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