tailieunhanh - Tobacco Smoke, Indoor Air Pollution and Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

When inhaled, carbon monoxide reacts very rapidly with hemoglobin in the blood, preventing uptake and transport of oxygen. Because carbon monoxide readily and firmly attaches to hemoglobin, it stays in the blood for a relatively long time. Thus, during an exposure carbon monoxide concentrations in blood can rise in a matter of minutes, then stay high for hours. Who is Most Sensitive to the Health Effects of Carbon Monoxide? Most of the health effects directly associated with carbon monoxide are most likely due to decreases in oxygen delivery to vital organs such as the heart and the. | OPEN 3 ACCESS Freely available online PLOS MEDICINE Tobacco Smoke Indoor Air Pollution and Tuberculosis A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hsien-Ho Lin1 Majid Ezzati2 Megan Murray1 3 4 1 Department of Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts United States of America 2 Department of Population and International Health and Department of Environmental Health Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts United States of America 3 Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities Brigham and Women s Hospital Boston Massachusetts United States of America 4 Infectious Disease Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts United States of America Funding This review was supported by The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease through a grant from the World Bank. The funders had no role in study design data collection and analysis decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Academic Editor Thomas E. Novotny Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education United States of America Citation Lin HH Ezzati M Murray M 2007 Tobacco smoke indoor air pollution and tuberculosis A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 4 1 e20. doi Received July 27 2006 Accepted November 30 2006 Published January 16 2007 Copyright 2007 Lin et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author and source are credited. Abbreviations AM alveolar macrophage CI confidence interval IAP indoor air pollution from biomass fuels OR odds ratio TB tuberculosis TST tuberculin skin test To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail mmurray@ ABSTRACT Background Tobacco smoking passive smoking and indoor air pollution from biomass fuels have been

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