tailieunhanh - Air Pollution Modeling – An Overview

In the Asian monsoon and adjacent regions, the aerosol forcing and responses of the water cycle are even more complex. Both direct and indirect effects may take place locally and simultaneously, interacting with each other. In addition to local effects, monsoon rainfall may be affected by aerosols transported from other regions and intensif ied through large-scale circulation and moisture feedbacks. Thus, dust transported by the large-scale circulation from the deserts adjacent to northern India may affect rainfall over the Bay of Bengal; sulphate and black carbon from industrial pollution in central and southern China and northern India may affect the. | Daly A. and P. Zannetti. 2007. Air Pollution Modeling - An Overview. Chapter 2of AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION P. Zannetti D. Al-Ajmi and S. Al-Rashied Editors . Published by The Arab School for Science and Technology ASST http and The EnviroComp Institute http . Chapter 2 Air Pollution Modeling - An Overview Aaron Daly and Paolo Zannetti The EnviroComp Institute Fremont CA USA daly@ andzannetti@ Abstract This chapter presents a brief review of air pollution modeling techniques . computer methods for the simulation of air quality processes. The review includes models developed or recommended by governmental agencies for regulatory applications. Both non-reactive . plume models and reactive . photochemical models are discussed. We also provide Web sites where the reader can download modeling software. Key Words Air pollution Computer modeling Eulerian and Lagrangian models Gaussian models puff models photochemical models. 1 Introduction1 Air pollution modeling is a numerical tool used to describe the causal relationship between emissions meteorology atmospheric concentrations deposition and other factors. Air pollution measurements give important quantitative information about ambient concentrations and deposition but they can only describe air quality at specific locations and times without giving clear guidance on the identification of the causes of the air quality problem. Air pollution modeling instead can give a more complete deterministic description of the air quality problem including an analysis of factors and causes emission sources meteorological processes and 1 Builtjes P. 2003 The Problem - Air Pollution. Chapter 1 of AIR QUALITY MODELING -Theories Methodologies Computational Techniques and Available Databases and Software. Vol I - Fundamentals P. Zannetti Editor . EnviroComp Institute http and Air Waste Management Association http . 2007 The Arab .