tailieunhanh - Computerized Data Acquisition and Analysis for the Life Sciences

There has been a small revolution in data acquisition systems for scientific use in recent years. It was not so long ago that hardware and processing power were expensive. and software nonexistent. Every program had to be written from scratch in a low-level language and, if you did not want your program all night to run, it usually included large chunks of assembler code as well. Nowadays there are many data acquisition systems to choose from, with good hardware and vastly improved software running on fast personal computers | Computerized Data Acquisition and Analysis for the Life Sciences A Hands-on Guide SIMON s. YOUNG Schering-Plough Research Institute M Cambridge UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building Trumpington street Cambridge United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building Cambridge CB2 2RU UK 40 West 20th Street New York NY 10011-4211 USA 10 Stamford Road Oakleigh VIC 3166 Australia Ruiz de Alarcon 13 28014 Madrid Spain Dock House The Waterfront Cape Town 8001 South Africa http Cambridge University Press 2001 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. Fứst published 2001 Printed in the United States of America Typeface Melior 10 pt System 3B2 KW A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Young Simon s. 1958- Computerized data acquisition and analysis for the life sciences a hands-on guide Simon s. Young p. cm. Includes bibliographical references ISBN 0-521-56281-3 hardback ISBN 0-521-56570-7 paperback 1. Life sciences - Data processing. 2. Automatic data collection systems. I. Title. 2001 570 .285 - dc21 00-045436 ISBN 0 521 56281 3 hardback ISBN 0 521 56570 7 paperback Contents Preface page ix 1 The Bare Essentials 1 Define the Variables to be Measured 1 Convert the Physiological Effect to a Voltage 1 Scale the Signal 2 Select a Unipolar or Bipolar Input Range 2 Choose Single-Ended or Differential Inputs 2 Choose the Sampling Rate and Anti-Aliasing Filters 3 Size of Data Files 3 Calibration 4 Data Analysis 6 2 How a Data Acquisition System Works 7 Analogue-to-Digital Converter 9 Range 13 Unipolar and Bipolar Mode 16 Multiplexing 17 Sample-and-Hold Circuit 19 Single-Ended and Differential Inputs 20 Computers