tailieunhanh - Advanced Engineering Mathematics 2011 Part 15

Tham khảo tài liệu 'advanced engineering mathematics 2011 part 15', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Vector Calculus 549 5. F zi xj 2 k and the surface s is that portion of the plane z 3 bounded by the lines y 0 X 0 and X2 y2 4. 6. F 2z x i y z j x y k and the surface s is the interior of the triangularly shaped plane with vertices at 1 0 0 0 1 0 and 0 0 1 . 7. F zi rj j k and the surface s is that portion of the plane 2x y 2z 6 in the first octant. 8. F xi xzj yk and the surface s is that portion of the paraboloid z 9 X2 y2 within the cylinder X2 y2 4. DIVERGENCE THEOREM Although Stokes theorem is useful in computing closed line integrals it is usually very difficult to go the other way and convert a surface integral into a closed line integral because the integrand must have a very special form namely V X F n. In this section we introduce a theorem that allows with equal facility the conversion of a closed surface integral into a volume integral and vice versa. Furthermore if we can convert a given surface integral into a closed one by the introduction of a simple surface for example closing a hemispheric surface by adding an equatorial plate it may be easier to use the divergence theorem and subtract off the contribution from the new surface integral rather than do the original problem. This relationship between a closed surface integral and a volume integral involving the divergence operator is The Divergence or Gauss Theorem Let V be a closed and bounded region in three dimensional space with a piece-wise smooth boundary s that is oriented outward. Let F P x y z i Q x y z j 7ỉ a y z k be a vector field for which p Q and R are continuous and have continuous first partial derivatives in a region of three dimensional space containing V. Then 550 Advanced Engineering Mathematics Figure Carl Friedrich Gauss 1777-1855 the prince of mathematicians must be on the list of the greatest mathematicians who ever lived. Gauss a child prodigy is almost as well known for what he did not publish during his lifetime as for what he did. This is true of Gauss

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