tailieunhanh - 2001 Fundamentals Part 6

Tham khảo tài liệu '2001 fundamentals part 6', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | CHAPTER 16 AIRFLOW AROUND BUILDINGS Flow Patterns . Wind Pressure on Buildings. Wind Effects on System Operation . Building Internal Pressure and Flow Control . Scale Model Simulation and Testing. Symbols . Airflow around buildings affects worker safety process and . building equipment operation weather and pollution protection at inlets and the ability to control environmental factors of temperature humidity air motion and contaminants. Wind causes variable surface pressures on buildings that change intake and exhaust system flow rates natural ventilation infiltration and exfiltration and interior pressures. The mean flow patterns and turbulence of wind passing over a building can cause recirculation of exhaust gases to air intakes. This chapter contains information for evaluating flow patterns estimating wind pressures and identifying problems caused by the effects of wind on intakes exhausts and equipment. Related information can be found in Chapters 12 14 26 and 27 of this volume in Chapters 28 29 43 and 51 of the 1999 ASHRAE Handbook Applications and in Chapters 25 30 and 36 of the 2000 ASHRAE Handbook Systems and Equipment. FLOW PATTERNS Buildings having even moderately complex shapes such as L- or U-shaped structures formed by two or three rectangular blocks can generate flow patterns too complex to generalize for design. To determine flow conditions influenced by surrounding buildings or topography wind tunnel or water channel tests of scale models or tests of existing buildings are required. However if a building is oriented perpendicular to the wind it can be considered as consisting of several independent rectangular blocks. Only isolated rectangular block buildings are discussed here. Saunders and Melbourne 1979 Hosker 1984 1985 Walker et al. 1996 and English and Fricke 1997 review the effects of nearby buildings. The mean speed of wind UH approaching a building increases with height H above the ground Figure 1 . Both the

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