tailieunhanh - Practical Design Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation - Chapter 2

Trang web đặc điểm và khắc phục hậu quả điều tra Bước ban đầu, thường là một trong những quan trọng nhất, một điển hình đất và / hoặc dự án khắc phục hậu quả nước ngầm để xác định mức độ ô nhiễm. Nó thường được thực hiện bằng cách đặc tính trang web và khắc phục hậu quả điều tra (RI). Trang web đặc tính là xác định các điều kiện trên và bên dưới một trang web có liên quan đến quản lý chất thải nguy hại. Khi khắc phục được coi là cần thiết, RI sẽ được. | Kuo Jeff Site characterization and remedial investigation Practical Design Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation Boca Raton CRC Press LLC 1999 chapter two Site characterization and remedial investigation Introduction The initial step often the most critical one of a typical soil and or groundwater remediation project is to determine the extent of contamination. It is often accomplished by site characterization and remedial investigation RI . Site characterization is to determine the conditions on and beneath a site that are pertinent to hazardous waste management. When site remediation is deemed necessary RI will be employed. RI activities consist of site characterization and additional data collection. The additional data are necessary for control of plume migration and selection of remedial alternatives. The common questions to be answered by the RI activities are Where is the contaminant plume What is in the plume How big is the plume How long has it been there Where is it going How fast will it go Subsurface contamination from spills and leaky underground storage tanks USTs creates environmental problems that usually require corrective actions. The contaminants may be present in one or a combination of the following locations and phases Vadose zone Vapors in the void Free product in the void Dissolved in soil moisture Adsorbed onto the soil matrix Floating on top of the capillary fringe for nonaqueous phase liquids NAPLs Groundwater Dissolved in the groundwater 1999 CRC Press LLC Adsorbed onto the aquifer material Sitting on top of the bedrock for dense nonaqueous phase liquids DNAPLs Common RI activities include 1. Removal of contamination source s such as leaky USTs 2. Installation of soil borings 3. Installation of groundwater monitoring wells 4. Soil sample collection and analysis 5. Groundwater sample collection and analysis 6. Aquifer testing Through these activities the following data are collected 1. Types of contaminants present in .