tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "E3 ubiquitin ligases and their control of T cell autoreactivity"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: E3 ubiquitin ligases and their control of T cell autoreactivity. | Available online http content 7 6 233 Review E3 ubiquitin ligases and their control of T cell autoreactivity Jody L Bonnevier Ruan Zhang and Daniel L Mueller Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases Division and Center for Immunology University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN USA Corresponding author Daniel L Mueller muell002@ Published 12 October 2005 This article is online at http content 7 6 233 2005 BioMed Central Ltd Arthritis Research Therapy 2005 7 233-242 DOI ar1842 Abstract A loss of T cell tolerance underlies the development of most autoimmune diseases. The design of therapeutic strategies to reinstitute immune tolerance however is hampered by uncertainty regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in the inactivation of potentially autoreactive T cells. Recently E3 ubiquitin ligases have been shown to mediate the development of a durable state of unresponsiveness in T cells called clonal anergy. In this review we will discuss the mechanisms used by E3 ligases to control the activation of T cells and prevent the development of autoimmunity. Introduction Autoreactive T cells are involved in the development of most autoimmune diseases. Consequently the induction and maintenance of T cell tolerance to self-antigens is as important to the normal function of the immune system as is the activation of T cells in the presence of pathogens. Despite the enormous effort that has already been made to understand the biochemical and cellular mechanisms that lead to the development of immune tolerance in model systems we do not yet understand how to re-institute immune self tolerance in individuals that have already developed autoimmune disease. Therefore a better understanding of the molecular processes involved in this immunological decision-making offers the possibility of defining new therapeutic targets and designing new agents that can better promote a state of immunological self tolerance and more .