tailieunhanh - Diabetes Chronic Complications - part 2

Một quy trình sàng lọc thích hợp, mà là chấp nhận được cả hai công cộng và các chuyên gia chăm sóc sức khỏe, nên có sẵn, â € "nhiếp ảnh võng mạc được chấp nhận của bệnh nhân và nghề nghiệp y tế. (3) Điều trị cho bệnh nhân với bệnh nhận ra nên được an toàn, hiệu quả và phổ đồng ý | 12 DIABETES AND THE EYE 2 An appropriate screening procedure which is acceptable both to the public and health care professionals should be available - retinal photography is accepted by patients and the medical profession. 3 Treatment for patients with recognizable disease should be safe effective and universally agreed - laser therapy for advanced disease although not without risk is accepted as a good evidence-based therapy to prevent blindness and newer medical therapies are in development. 4 The economic cost of early diagnosis and treatment should be considered in relation to total expenditure on health care including the consequences of leaving the disease untreated. To detect diabetic retinopathy the retina must first be visualized. Several methods of retinal examination can be used Indirect ophthalmoscopy with a slit lamp bio-microscope performed by an ophthalmologist is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing diabetic retinopathy. The direct method using a hand-held ophthalmoscope is performed as part of everyday practice by many doctors. The practicalities of ophthalmoscopy including the high costs in terms of the level of specialist training and experience required indirect method varying results depending on the person carrying out the examination direct method and the fact that no permanent visual record is retained both methods mean that ophthalmoscopy has been deemed unsuitable as the basis for a comprehensive national screening pro_7 gramme. Digital retinal photography Figure with mydriasis provides a permanent record which can be interpreted with a high degree of accuracy and is relatively inexpensive. Photography and grading of resulting images by trained technicians have demonstrated a higher level of sensitivity and specificity than any other screening method and provide a permanent record for quality assurance and audit. In light of this the National Screening Committee has therefore recommended digital retinal photography