tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " Effects of polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the forest ecosystem and woody plants"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Effects of polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the forest ecosystem and woody plants. | 561s Ann. Sci. For. 1989 46 suppl. 561s-564s Forest Tree Physiology E. Dreyer et al. eds. Elsevier INRA Effects of polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the forest ecosystem and woody plants M. Berteigne1 c. Rose1 J. Gérard2 and p. Dizengremel2 Laboratoire d Etude de la Pollution Atmosphérique INRA-CRF Champenoux 54280 Seichamps and 2Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale et Forestiere Université Nancy I BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre France Introduction Polyaromatic hydrocarbons PAH are known to be animal carcinogens and or bacterial mutagens. The few studies conducted on the effects of PAH on plant physiology describe them as hormone-like compounds. Carrot callus differentiation is obtained with the carcinogen benzo- a pyrene BaP Levine 1951 . The direct application of a nutrient solution containing 10 ppb BaP to tobacco plantlets induces a 100 growth-promoting effect Graf and Nowak 1966 . Graf and Diehl 1966 reported a 3-5-fold increase in endogenous PAH content during leaf yellowing. PAH are therefore assumed to be associated with plant senescence and chlorophyll degradation and could be considered as a new kind of senescenceinducing hormone. The problem of the presence in the atmosphere of organic pollutants of anthropogenic origin was recently raised Krause 1987 and their possible effect on higher plant physiology has to be questioned since they can be transported to remote areas Matzner 1984 . In this paper the levels of PAH in soil and trees of the Vosges mountains were evaluated. Simulation experiments were also undertaken to estimate the PAH toxicity for plant cell metabolism. Methods for extraction and analysis of PAH Oven-dried samples 5 d at 50 C were extracted with cyclohexane 6 h and purified using Sephadex LH 20 isopropanol preparative chromatography. The dried extracts containing standard naphthalene in cyclohexane were analyzed by gas chromatography and each PAH was qualitatively determined by mass spectrometry. Results PAH load in Vosgian soil The upper organic .

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