tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Walnut somatic embryogenesis: physiological and histological aspects"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Walnut somatic embryogenesis: physiological and histological aspects. | 133s Ann. Sci. For. 1989 46 suppl. 133s-135s Forest Tree Physiology E. Dreyer et al. eds. Elsevier INRA Walnut somatic embryogenesis physiological and histological aspects D. Cornu Amelioration des Arbres Forestiers INRA Ardon 45160 Olivet France Introduction Somatic embryogenesis in plant tissue cultures has been reported for many species. For mass cloning embryogenesis could be better than organogenesis because it directly produces full plants instead of shoots that have to be rooted. Thus one major problem in plantlet production could be bypassed. Moreover embryogenesis will be a better way to apply other techniques such as protoplast fusion or gene transfer. Recently the induction of somatic embryogenesis has included more and more woody tree species important conifers and hardwoods for a recent review see Tulecke 1987 . For the Juglandacea family somatic embryos have been obtained with Juglans regia J. hindsii and Pterocarya Tulecke and McGranahan 1985 Carya illinoensis Merkle et al. 1987 Juglans nigra J. major and interspecific hybrids J. nigra X J. regia Cornu 1988 . As for many other hardwoods all results were obtained with immature seeds and a lot of abnormal structures or embryos were frequently observed. The aims of this work are 1 to determine the developmental and physiological stages able to give rise to somatic embryogenesis and 2 to control histologically the true nature of somatic embryogenesis at an early stage. Materials and Methods The nuts were provided by Mr. Germain INRA-Arboriculture Bordeaux from a half-sib family collected on black walnut NG 23 which naturally produces a high level of hybrid nuts. Nuts 40 at each time were collected from the end of June to early October at 2-3 week intervals. They were not cold stored and culture began not more than 5 days after collection. For all experiments we used media described by Tulecke and McGranahan 1985 . For the conditioning step we also used the medium defined by Gupta and Durzan 1986 for .

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