tailieunhanh - Hemostasis and Thrombosis - part 9

Nếu bệnh nhân được bắt đầu trên một loại thuốc mà kết quả trong những thay đổi dự đoán trong INR, sau đó liều warfarin có thể được điều chỉnh, thường là 50%, khi bắt đầu rằng thuốc. Vitamin K được tìm thấy trong nhiều loại thực phẩm (24,4), đặc biệt là rau xanh | 170 Hemostasis and Thrombosis 24 Table . Maintenance warfarin adjustment nomogram Hatheway and Goodnight INR Dose Change Day 1 Add 10-20 total weekly dose TWD Weekly Increase TWD by 10-20 Return 1 week Day 1 Add 5-10 of TWD Weekly Increase TWD by 5-10 Return 2 weeks No Change Return 4 weeks Day 1 Subtract 5-10 TWD Weekly Reduce TWD by 10-20 Return 2 weeks Day 1 No warfarin Weekly Reduce TWD by 10-20 Return 1 week Stop warfarin until INR Decrease TWD by 20-50 Return daily TWD Total weekly dose weekly to ensure the INR is stable. If the patient is started on a drug which results in predictable changes in the INR then the warfarin dose may be adjusted usually by 50 when starting that drug. Vitamin K is found in many foods Table especially green vegetables. Patients will often avoid any vegetables due to fear of reversing their anticoagulation. This will result in those patients having lower vitamin K stores and will make them prone to unstable INRs. Patients should be instructed that consistency of diet is more important than avoiding vitamin K. A diet rich in vegetables and fruits is beneficial especially for patients being anticoagulated and should be encouraged. Patients should be advised of the vitamin K content of common foods and should be encouraged to be consistent with their diet. Therapeutic Range of INR Warfarin therapy is guided by the prothrombin time. Separate laboratories use thromboplastin from different manufacturers which results in variability of the prothrombin time. The International Normalized Ratio INR is the prothrombin time ratio that would be obtained if the WHO reference thromboplastin reagent was used to test the plasma. Laboratories convert their local prothrombin time ratios to INRs by using the ISI International Sensitivity Index by the formula INR PT RATIOISI. The advantage of the INR is that it reflects a constant level of anticoagulation despite the different thromboplastins .

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