tailieunhanh - The Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa: An Instrument for Advancing Reproductive and Sexual Rights

The government of Mexico City, Mexico believes that access to health care is a human right, and should be universal and free to those who cannot afford to pay. In Mexico City the mayor has made health care accessible to all, and has garnered the broad support of the City’s leaders and citizens for this unique effort 9. When the City’s popular mayor, Andres Manuel López Obrador, came to power, he faced two significant challenges to keeping his campaign promise of free health care to poorer families. First, the public health system was fragmented. It covered only 60% of the population and was adminis- tered by the central government. Second, widespread political corruption had undermined public. | BRIEFING PAPER CENTER _ FOR. REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS The Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa An Instrument for Advancing Reproductive and Sexual Rights On November 25 2005 the Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa1 the protocol entered into force after being ratified by 15 African Two years earlier in July of 2003 the African Union the regional body that is charged with promoting unity and solidarity among its 53 member nations adopted this landmark treaty to supplement the regional human rights charter the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights the African Charter . The protocol provides broad protection for women s human rights including their sexual and reproductive The significance and potential of the protocol go well beyond Africa. The treaty affirms reproductive choice and autonomy as a key human right and contains a number of global firsts. For example it represents the first time that an international human rights instrument has explicitly articulated a woman s right to abortion when pregnancy results from sexual assault rape or incest when continuation of the pregnancy endangers the life or health of the pregnant woman and in cases of grave fetal defects that are incompatible with life. Another first is the protocol s call for the prohibition of harmful practices such as female circumcision female genital mutilation FC FGM which have ravaged the lives of countless young women in Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa has the worst indicators of women s health particularly of reproductive health of any world region. These indicators include the highest number of HIV-positive women and the highest infant maternal and HIV-related death rates worldwide. The ability of a woman to make her own decisions regarding her body and her reproductive life are key to improving these indicators. The protocol can help advocates pressure governments to address the underlying social political and health-care issues that contribute to the dismal state .

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