tailieunhanh - Magnetic resonance imaging and gynecological devices

In a number of developing countries, obesity currently affects all income groups of adult men and women, but it is rapidly increasing among poor urban populations. The increase in obesity in these countries is attributed to the conjunction of complex societal factors, such as urbanization, economic growth and modernization, globalisation of food markets, and changes in diet and physical activity patterns. In many cities of the developing world, diet has become higher in fats, refined sugars and processed foods, and the consumption of relatively cheaper but higher-calorie, lower-nutrient foods has been progressively adopted by poor populations. These changes in diet. | Contraception 85 2012 538- 543 Review article Magnetic resonance imaging and gynecological devices Lúcia Correiaa Ana Beatriz Ramosb Ana Isabel Machadoa Duarte Rosaa Carlos Marquesa aMaternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa Lisbon Portugal Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital Geral de Santo António Oporto Portugal Received 22 November 2010 revised 16 October 2011 accepted 19 October 2011 Abstract Background Performing magnetic resonance imaging MRI on women with gynecological devices is a completely accepted practice. The goal of our review is to assess how safe it is to perform MRI on women using contraceptive implants or devices. Study Design Literature review searching in PubMed-Medline Ovid for the following keywords magnetic resonance imaging intrauterine devices Implanon and Essure . Results Though plastic devices do not represent a contraindication to the use of the technique those including metallic components have been submitted to several tests after which they were classified as MR Conditional devices presenting no risks in MR-specific environments by the Food and Drug Administration. Thus the use of MRI can be safely advised to women with this type of device as long as the magnetic resonance equipment is T. Conclusions Presently there is no scientific evidence that contraindicates performing MRI on women with any kind of gynecological device. Therefore this procedure is safe as long as it is performed under previously tested conditions. 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords Magnetic resonance imaging Intrauterine devices Implanon Essure 1. Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging MRI is an increasingly popular imaging technique having become one of the preferred techniques due to its several advantages over other methods namely a its multiplane capability allowing for the capture of cuts or layers in all directions in space b its high contrast resolution and c the absence of known harmful effects since ionizing radiation is not employed. The .