tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Emerging mechanisms of immune regulation: the extended B7 family and regulatory T cell"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Emerging mechanisms of immune regulation: the extended B7 family and regulatory T cells. | Arthritis Research Therapy Vol 6 No 5 Loke and Allison Review Emerging mechanisms of immune regulation the extended B7 family and regulatory T cells P ng Loke and James P Allison Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Corresponding author James P Allison jallison@ Received 12 May 2004 Revisions requested 29 Jun 2004 Revisions received 13 Jul 2004 Accepted 19 Jul 2004 Published 6 Aug 2004 Arthritis Res Ther 2004 6 208-214 DOI ar1225 2004 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Whereas B7-1 B7-2 and CD28 cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 CTLA-4 serve as the main switches regulating the clonal composition of activated naive T cells other B7 family members fine-tune the expansion and properties of activated T cells. Inducible costimulatory molecule ICOS -B7h promotes T-dependent antibody isotype switching and expansion of effector cells. Effector T cells trafficking into inflamed tissues interact with antigen-presenting cells there and are regulated by PD-1 and its ligands. B7-H3 and B7x could control the interaction between effector T cells and the peripheral tissues. The different varieties of regulatory T cells could regulate both naive T cell activation and effector function through costimulatory receptor ligands. Keywords antitumor immunity autoimmunity costimulation inflammation regulatory T cells Introduction The discovery and characterization of new molecules that regulate T cell activities is perhaps one of the most intensely investigated areas in immunology. This is due to the enormous implications and potential of this research toward alleviating many of the scourges of the developed world such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. Two of the most significant developments in recent years have been the great expansion of the number of costimulatory ligands and receptors that belong to the extended B7 and CD28 cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 CTLA-4 families of molecules and the .