tailieunhanh - báo cáo hóa học:" Finding a cure for HIV: will it ever be achievable?"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về hóa học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học đề tài : Finding a cure for HIV: will it ever be achievable? | JOURNALOF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY Lewin et al. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2011 14 4 http content 14 1 4 COMMENTARY Open Access Finding a cure for HIV will it ever be achievable c h S rev D I St A 11 1 2 3 rz . . ỉ c 1 11 11 I I I c I I I Z S 1 2 3 D LZI ILZ . z-s c L ILZ .4 5 6 I I I r r I r z t v t z- VZ f 7 Sharon R Lewin Vanessa A Evans Julian H Elliott Bruno Spire Nicolas Chomont Abstract Combination antiretroviral therapy cART has led to a major reduction in HIV-related mortality and morbidity. However HIV still cannot be cured. With the absence of an effective prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine increasing numbers of infected people emerging new toxicities secondary to cART and the need for life-long treatment there is now a real urgency to find a cure for HIV. There are currently multiple barriers to curing HIV. The most significant barrier is the establishment of a latent or silent infection in resting CD4 T cells. In latent HIV infection the virus is able to integrate into the host cell genome but does not proceed to active replication. As a consequence antiviral agents as well as the immune system are unable to eliminate these long-lived latently infected cells. Reactivation of latently infected resting CD4 T cells can then re-establish infection once cART is stopped. Other significant barriers to cure include residual viral replication in patients receiving cART even when the virus is not detectable by conventional assays. In addition HIV can be sequestered in anatomical reservoirs such as the brain gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract. Achieving either a functional cure long-term control of HIV in the absence of cART or a sterilizing cure elimination of all HIV-infected cells remains a major challenge. Several studies have now demonstrated that treatment intensification appears to have little impact on latent reservoirs. Some potential and promising approaches that may reduce the latent reservoir .