tailieunhanh - báo cáo hóa học:" An HIV epidemic is ready to emerge in the Philippines Review"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về hóa học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học đề tài : An HIV epidemic is ready to emerge in the Philippines Review | Farr and Wilson Journal of the International AIDS Society 2010 13 16 http content 13 1 16 REVIEW JOURNALOF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY Open Access AnHIV epidemic is ready to emerge in the Philippines Anna C Farr and David P Wilson Abstract Background The state of the HIV epidemic in the Philippines has been described as low and slow which is in stark contrast to many other countries in the region. A review of the conditions for HIV spread in the Philippines is necessary. Methods We evaluated the current epidemiology trends in behaviour and public health response in the Philippines to identify factors that could account for the current HIV epidemic as well as to review conditions that may be of concern for facilitating an emerging epidemic. Results The past control of HIV in the Philippines cannot be attributed to any single factor nor is it necessarily a result of the actions of the Filipino government or other stakeholders. Likely reasons for the epidemic s slow development include the country s geography is complicated injecting drug use is relatively uncommon a culture of sexual conservatism exists sex workers tend to have few clients anal sex is relatively uncommon and circumcision rates are relatively high. In contrast there are numerous factors suggesting that HIV is increasing and ready to emerge at high rates including the lowest documented rates of condom use in Asia increasing casual sexual activity returning overseas Filipino workers from high-prevalence settings widespread misconceptions about HIV AIDS and high needle-sharing rates among injecting drug users. There was a three-fold increase in the rate of HIV diagnoses in the Philippines between 2003 and 2008 and this has continued over the past year. HIV diagnoses rates have noticeably increased among men particularly among bisexual and homosexual men 114 and 214 respective increases over 2003-2008 . The average age of diagnosis has also significantly decreased from approximately