tailieunhanh - BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY_2

This innovative book integrates the disciplines of biomedical science, biomedical engineering, biotechnology, physiological engineering, and hospital management technology. Herein, Biomedical science covers topics on disease pathways, models and treatment mechanisms, and the roles of red palm oil and phytomedicinal plants in reducing HIV and diabetes complications by enhancing antioxidant activity. Biomedical engineering coves topics of biomaterials (biodegradable polymers and magnetic nanomaterials), coronary stents, contact lenses, modelling of flows through tubes of varying cross-section, heart rate variability analysis of diabetic neuropathy, and EEG analysis in brain function assessment | 18 Domain-Specific Software Engineering Design for Diabetes Mellitus Study Through Gene and Retinopathy Analysis Hua Cao Deyin Lu and Bahram Khoobehi Louisiana State University University of Mississippi Medical Center LSU Eye Center USA 1. Introduction Software engineering designs and practices differ widely among various application domains. This chapter is concentrating on high performance software engineering design for bioinformatics and more specifically for diabetes mellitus study through gene and retinopathy analysis. Complex gene interaction study offers an effective control of blood glucose blood pressure and lipids. Early detection of retinopathy is effective in minimizing the risk of irreversible vision loss and other long-term consequence associated with diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disorder of glucose homeostasis involving complex gene and environmental interactions that are incompletely understood. Mammalian homologs of nematode sex determination genes have recently been implicated in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Fem1b knockout Fem1b-KO mice have been developed with targeted inactivation of Fem1b a homolog of the nematode fem-1 sex determination gene. It shows that the Fem1b-KO mice display abnormal glucose tolerance and that this is due predominantly to defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Arginine-stimulated insulin secretion is also affected. These data implicate Fem1b in pancreatic islet function and insulin secretion strengthening evidence that a genetic pathway homologous to nematode sex determination may be involved in glucose homeostasis and suggesting novel genes and processes as potential candidates in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. In addition this chapter is going to introduce basic gene analysis approaches that can be applied on diabetes mellitus study. These approaches include searching Genbank online database using BLAST mapping DNA locating genes aligning different DNA or