tailieunhanh - Clinical Utility of Personalised Medicine

Integration of the patient electronic health record (EHR) with publicly accessible information creates new opportunities and challenges for clinical research and patient care. For example, one challenge is that the complexity of the information provided to the clinician must not impair the clinician’s ability to accurately and rapidly prescribe drugs that are safe and effective for a specific patient, and covered by the patient’s insurance provider. An example opportunity is that EHRs enable the identification of adverse events and outbreak awareness and provide a rich set of longitudinal data, from which researchers and clinicians can study disease, co-morbidity and treatment outcome. Moreover, the increased desire to rapidly translate. | Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council Information for health professionals 2011 N H M R c Inside Clinical Utility of Personalised Medicine 1. Introduction I Scope 1 Audience and objectives 1 2. Background to Personalised Medicine 2 Genetic variations 2 Genetic testing 2 Evaluation of genetic testing 3 Impact on healthcare 7 3. Applications of Personalised Medicine 3 Predictive medicine 3 Treatment optimisation 3 4. Conclusion 7 References 8 Additional Resoures 9 1. Introduction While findings from the Human Genome Project have not yet affected the health care of most individuals directly the rapid advancements made in the field of genomics over the last decade have ensured that the promise of a revolution in human health remains One of the most significant outcomes of the acceleration in genomic science is the development of personalised medicine. Personalised medicine is defined as the capacity to predict disease development and influence decisions about lifestyle choices or to tailor medical practice to an individual .2 This includes targeted drugs and treatments based on a detailed understanding of the genetic bases of disease. In addition to the promise of improved patient care and disease prevention personalised medicine has the potential to lower the ever increasing cost of health It is expected that the use of personalised medicine will increase into the future. Scope The National Health and Medical Research Council NHMRC has developed this paper with the assistance of its Human Genetics Advisory Committee HGAC to provide an overview of the role of genomics in personalised medicine and its potential to improve health care. In particular it highlights the clinical utility of various genetic and genomic tests as it is this often overlooked aspect of testing that determines the likelihood of an improved outcome for the individual. The clinical utility of a test is a measure of whether the result of that test would .