tailieunhanh - Advances in Analog Circuits Part 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'advances in analog circuits part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | New Port Modeling and Local Biasing of Analog Circuits 49 y x V-Th x y a b c Fig. 1. a A two terminal linear resistive circuit b Thevenin and c Norton equivalent circuit. Fig. 2. a A simplified small signal equivalent circuit of a single stage BJT amplifier b the Thevenin equivalent circuit c the port s characteristic curve indicating the linearity. However despite their simplicity there is a rigidity involved in port representation by either the Thevenin or Norton equivalent circuits. As indicated in Fig. 2 c Thevenin or Norton model occupy only one point on the characteristic line where the line meets one of the axis. This characteristic line also serves as a load line in some biasing situations where it identifies the port s operating point Q-point when the two characteristic curves from both sides of the port cross. The limitation for Thevenin or Norton model is that it represents only the sourcing network with no information given about the target network unless the two are connected and the analysis is done with the combined circuit. This of course fits with most circuit applications where all we need is a simplified two terminal linear circuit that gets connected with the target circuit for the rest of the process but again we perform the analysis only when the two are combined. The circuit complexity created this way may not be so evident for a single port connection but for multiple ports the complexity may get quite significant. There are other cases where circuits in both sides of a port need to get engaged in some sources or components exchanges hence a more dynamic port modeling may be needed. Examples can be found in source transformation noise-source modeling and power transport cases. Port nullification is another example that uses Hybrid modeling as discussed next. 2. Hybrid equivalent circuit A Hybrid equivalent circuit or simply an H -model of a two-terminal network is a generalized version of Thevenin or Norton equivalent circuit for resistive .

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