tailieunhanh - Anti-Corruption Commissions Panacea or Real Medicine to Fight Corruption?

She distinguished between reflective thinking for learning and reflective thinking as critical inquiry. Teekman explained the first as a strategy to make sense of a situation and to develop practical knowledge. She saw reflection-for-critical-inquiry as going beyond technical proficiency to considerations of context, and its influences on nursing practice and health. Teekman reported that respondents engaged in reflective thinking in order to act optimally in a situation; they were less able to reflect on the total situation from multiple viewpoints, and failed to demonstrate evidence of critical enquiry. These exploratory studies reveal some aspects, functions and uses of reflective practice. Reflection appears to include an anticipatory phase, where. | Anti-Corruption Commissions Panacea or Real Medicine to Fight Corruption John R. Heilbrunn World Bank Institute Copyright 2004 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank 1818 H Street . Washington . 20433 . The World Bank enjoys copyright under protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. This material may nonetheless be copied for research educational or scholarly purposes only in the member countries of The World Bank. Material in this series is subject to revision. The findings interpretations and conclusions expressed in this document are entirely those of the author s and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank to its affiliated organizations or the members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. Anti-Corruption Commissions Panacea or Real Medicine to Fight Corruption John R. Heilbrunn 2004. 21 pages. Stock No. 37234 Contents Introduction 1 Hong Kong s ICAC The Universal Model 3 Singapore s CPIB the Investigative Model 5 The New South Wales ICAC the Parliamentary Model 7 The United States Office of Government Ethics the Multi-Agency Model 9 Other Experiences 10 Unraveling the Puzzle 13 Conclusion 14 Endnotes .