tailieunhanh - The transmission of Chinese medicine

Similar to the physician studies, nurses described an anticipatory or pre-reflection, occurring before an activity, as central to their practice. They also described reflection both ‘‘in’’ their practice and ‘‘on’’ it. Participants reflected on ethical considerations, on situa- tions that required courage and novel situations requiring creative approaches. They reported guidance and supervision as key to reflection. Teekman (2000) studied ten registered nurses, and analyzed ten non-routine nursing situations for the presence of reflective thinking. In complex situations, reflection included a variety of cognitive activities, framing and self-questioning. Supervision was a key factor. Teekman identified three hierarchical levels of reflection: reflective thinking-for- action (what to do here and now);. | The transmission of Chinese medicine Elisabeth Hsu University of Cambridge III Cambridge Wp UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED By THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITy OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building Trumpington Street Cambridge United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITy PRESS The Edinburgh Building Cambridge CB2 2RU UK http 40 West 20th Street New York NY 1011-4211 USA http 10 Stamford Road Oakleigh Melbourne 3166 Australia Elisabeth Hsu 1999 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1999 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press Cambridge Typeset in 10 12pt Plantin gc A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress cataloguing in publication data Hsu Elisabeth. The transmission of Chinese medicine Elisabeth Hsu. p. cm. - Cambridge studies in medical anthropology 7 Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0 521 64236 1 hardback . - ISBN 0 521 64542 5 paperback 1. Medicine Chinese - Study and teaching - China. 2. Medical anthropology - education medical - China. I. Title. II. Series. 1999 610 .951 dc21 98-50700 CIP ISBN 0 521 64236 1 hardback ISBN 0 521 64542 5 paperback Contents Acknowledgements page viii Note on Chinese terms ix Introduction ways of learning 1 1 The secret transmission of knowledge and practice 21 2 Qigong and the concept of qi 58 3 The personal transmission of knowledge 88 4 Interpreting a classical Chinese medical text 105 5 The standardised transmission of knowledge 128 6 Teaching from TCM texts 168 Discussion styles of knowing 225 Appendix Curriculum for TCM regular students and acumoxa and massage specialists 241 Glossary of medical and philosophical terms 247 References 270 Indexes 287 .