tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học ngành y học tạp chí Medical Sciences dành cho các bạn sinh viên ngành y tham khảo đề tài: Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection. | Int. J. Med. Sci. 2006 3 41 International Journal of Medical Sciences ISSN 1449-1907 2006 3 2 41-46 2006 Ivyspring International Publisher. All rights reserved Review Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus HCV Infection Theodore Sy M. Mazen Jamal Division of Gastroenterology University of California Irvine CA 92868 USA Corresponding address M. Mazen Jamal University of California Irvine 101 The City Drive Orange CA 92868 USA. Received Accepted Published Hepatitis C virus remains a large health care burden to the world. Incidence rates across the world fluctuate and are difficult to calculate given the asymptomatic often latent nature of the disease prior to clinical presentation. Prevalence rates across the world have changed as well with more countries aware of transfusion-related hepatitis C and more and more evidence supporting intravenous drug use as the leading risk factor of spread of the virus. This article reviews current hepatitis C virus prevalence and genotype data and examines the different risk factors associated with the virus. Key words Epidemiology hepatitis C virus blood transfusions intravenous drug use 1. Prevalence Hepatitis C virus HCV continues to be a major disease burden on the world. In 1999 the WHO estimated a worldwide prevalence of about 3 with the virus affecting 170 million people worldwide. 1 Table 1 . Generally most studies of prevalence use blood donors to report the frequency of HCV usually by anti-HCV antibodies and do not report follow-up HCV testing. Using blood donors as a prevalence source may underestimate the real prevalence of the virus because donors are generally a highly selected population. 2 In the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANESIII from 1988 to 1994 an estimated HCV prevalence of million people was found in the United States US with million people found to have chronic infection with HCV positive HCV RNA . Neither sex nor racial-ethnic .