tailieunhanh - Volume 10 - Materials Characterization Part 12

Tham khảo tài liệu 'volume 10 - materials characterization part 12', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | surface layer being worn is still amorphous as it was initially after implantation. In the wear track shown in Fig. 106 maximum wear depth was reduced from approximately 1 to ữm nd the coefficient of unlubricated friction from to . The direct observation of such continuous amorphous layers across wear tracks closely links the reducth friction and wear to the amorphous phase. Fig. 106 Bright-field image from the center of a wear track on 304 stainless steel implanted with 2 010 Ti cm 2 180 to 90 keV plus 2 010 17 C cm 2 30 keV . The worn surface is amorphous as shown by the diffuse ring in the inset diffraction pattern. Because most EDS detectors have beryllium windows x-rays from light elen entsl are not detected. Such elements can however be detected using EELS. Figure 107 shows a spectrum taken from an amorphous layer c implanted with titanium and nitrogen Ref 95 . The spectrum shows characteristic edges from iron titanium nitroi and carbon which was incorporated into the alloy as discussed above as well as from oxygen due to oxide on the s of the specimen. Thus EELS is seen to be sufficiently sensitive to detect and quantify the presence of heavy titar and light carbon nitrogen implanted elements at typical concentre 5hEfc t. in metals. Fig. 107 EELS spectrum obtained with 120-kV electrons from iron implanted with 2 010 17 Ti cm 2 180 keV plus 2 010 17 N cm 2 40 keV . A plasmon peak at 25 eV follows the zero- loss peak and carbon nitrogen titanium oxygen and iron edges are observed on the falling background. Source Ref 95 References cited in this section 91. . Follstaedt . Yost . Pope . Picraux and . Ki qqqd Phys. 43 1983 f 358 95. . Follstaedt . Knapp . Pope and . PictâuE . Instrum. Meth. Đ ol B12 1985 p 359 110. . Knapp . Follstaedt and . Doyhiụcl. Instrum. B7 8 1985 p 38 . L. Singerand . BarlakẠppl. Phys. Lettyol 43 1983 p 457 . L. Singer J. Vac. Sci. Technoyol Al 1983 p419 . M. .