tailieunhanh - Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment_2

In the Preface to the first edition of the Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment, published in 1969, Dr. Kirk and Dr. Bistner described the format of that book as being divided into six sections, “each emphasizing a facet of early examination, clinical methods, or emergency care.” Today, 37 years later, those original objectives remain unchanged. What has changed, however, are the numerous advances in clinical diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities in companion animal medicine. It’s the volume of new information, combined with the level of expectation of our clientele today, which presents the most demanding challenges in producing the eighth edition of what has become known as. | SECTION 4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures Routine Procedures 449 Administration Techniques for Medications and Fluids 449 Bandaging Techniques 462 Blood Pressure Measurement Indirect 462 Central Venous Pressure Measurement 463 Diagnostic Sample Collection Techniques 465 Dermatologic Procedures 489 Ear Cleaning External Ear Canal 492 Endotracheal Intubation 494 Intravenous Catheterization 495 Physical Therapy 497 Advanced Procedures 500 Abdominocentesis 500 Biopsy Techniques Advanced 501 Blood Gas Arterial 508 Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection 509 Electrocardiography 511 Endoscopy Indications and Equipment Requirements 518 Fluid Therapy 523 Gastrointestinal Procedures 526 Laparoscopy 532 Ophthalmic Procedures 535 Radiography Advanced Contrast Studies 541 Reproductive Tract Female 549 Reproductive Tract Male 554 Respiratory Tract Procedures 559 Urinary Tract Procedures 571 ROUTINE PROCEDURES ADMINISTRATION TECHNIQUES FOR MEDICATIONS AND FLUIDS Oral Administration Tablets Capsules Canine Perhaps the simplest and easiest method of administering tablets or capsules to dogs is to hide the medication in food. Offer small portions of unbaited cheese meat or some favorite food to the dog initially. Then offer one portion that includes the medication. 449 450 4 DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES Figure 4-1 Use of the thumb only to open a cooperative dog s mouth. For anorectic dogs or when pills must be given without food give medications quickly and decisively so that the process of administering the medication is accomplished before the dog realizes what has happened. With cooperative dogs insert the thumb of one hand through the interdental space and gently touch the hard palate. This will cause the dog to open the mouth Figure 4-1 . Using the opposite hand the one holding the medication gently press down on the mandibular lower incisors to open the mouth further Figure 4-2 . Position the tablet or capsule onto the caudal aspect of the tongue as close to the larynx .