tailieunhanh - IDENTIFICATION OF AN UNKNOWN ORGANIC COMPOUND: Classification Tests

Certifying organisations inspect operators annually to ensure they comply with the National Standard. They are also authorised to issue organic produce certificates on behalf of the Australian Government. An AQIS-approved organic certifying organisation must undergo an annual audit of its documented system. AQIS also audits the inspection system of certifying organisations at various organic farms, processors, wholesalers and exporters. AQIS and industry has established Administrative Arrangements outlining the administrative policies and operational procedures for certifying organisations. These arrangements cover requirements including objectivity and integrity, structure and training, sanctions and penalties, inspection and certification and export requirements | IDENTIFICATION OF AN UNKNOWN ORGANIC COMPOUND Classification Tests In this experiment you will attempt to identify an organic unknown from a selected group of compounds from the class of alcohols aldehydes ketones carboxylic acids phenols or amines. You will use physical properties mp bp solubility characteristics and functional group tests to identify your unknown from a list of possible compounds. Physical Properties Note the physical state and color of the compound. Determine the melting point or boiling point depending on the physical state of the compound. Make sure boiling point apparatus in under the snorkel hood to prevent fumes from entering the working area. Solubility Classification An organic compound is generally considered soluble if of a liquid or of solid dissolves completely in 3mL of the appropriate solvent. Determine the solubility of your unknown in the following solvents and compare your sample to the solubility characteristics of the various classes of organic compound. Remember these are general rules-there may be exceptions depending on other functionalities in the molecule. Solvent Characteristics Soluble in Water Lower members of homologous series of O or N containing compounds alcohols ketones amines carboxylic acids amines having 5 C atoms Insoluble in water but soluble in 5 NaOH and 5 NaHCOa Carboxylic acids with 5 or more carbons phenols with electron withdrawing groups and P-diketones Insoluble in water insoluble in 5 NaHCO3 but soluble in 5 NaOH Phenols Insoluble in water insoluble in 5 NaOH 5 NaHCO3 but soluble in 5 HCl Amines Solubility Test Procedure Water Place of powdered solid in a small test tube and add 3 successive portions of water. Shake the sample after each addition of water. If the solid does not appear to dissolve warm the test tube. If the solid dissolves cool the sample to room temperature. If the solution remains homogeneous the sample is considered to be soluble. For a liquid add to .