tailieunhanh - Coal America’s Energy Future phần 5

Thông thường sản xuất khí thiên nhiên (NG) tại Hoa Kỳ suy giảm đáng kể, dẫn đến cung cấp và các vấn đề deliverability, giá cao hơn và sự phụ thuộc ngày càng tăng về các nguồn nước ngoài. Những vấn đề này sẽ trở nên nghiêm trọng hơn nhiều do nguồn cung trong nước tiếp tục suy giảm và làm tăng nhu cầu NG. | AN OVERVIEW OF THE NATURAL GAS SITUATION Conventional natural gas NG production in the United States is in significant decline leading to supply and deliverability issues higher prices and increasing dependence on foreign sources. These problems will become far more serious as domestic supplies continue to decline and NG demand increases. LNG presents the same economic cost and national security problems as imported oil. Using coal to produce NG and as replacement for NG in chemical processes would ease supply pressures by providing an alternative to at least 15 of America s annual NG consumption or the equivalent of 4 trillion cubic feet Tcf per year. This additional supply would moderate NG prices and use an additional 340 million tons of coal per year. The NG made available could be used for residential commercial industrial and any other application that uses NG. The amount is roughly equal to EIA s projection of LNG imports in 2025. World Consumption and Competition Natural gas is projected to be the world s most rapidly growing primary energy source over the next several decades. The EIAhas estimated that NG consumption will increase over 75 from 2000 to 2025. These data show the steady rise in NG consumption Actual and Projected World NG Consumption 1980-2025 Year Tcf 1980 53 2000 88 2010 111 2025 156 In short the global demand for NG is a steady drumbeat growing louder with each passing year. Further this demand will not be evenly distributed. The emerging and transitional economies of the world will steadily increase their demand for NG in direct competition with the United States see Figure . Examples of Demand Growth in Emerging Economies Tcf Region Country 2000 2025 increase China 600 India 250 South Korea 171 Mexico 233 Middle East 144 Figure Source EIA International Energy Outlook 2004 and 2005 AN OVERVIEW OF THE NATURAL GAS SITUATION For the United States this international competition for NG will mean