tailieunhanh - Energy Options for the Future phần 3

Bảo tồn: thay đổi hành vi để giảm thiểu sử dụng năng lượng. Năng lượng ei ¬ ƒciency: thường xuyên thay đổi trong thiết bị dẫn đến tăng dịch vụ năng lượng trên một đơn vị năng lượng tiêu thụ. kinh tế tiềm năng | Energy Options for the Future 83 Fig. 17. The model predicts that production may peak before proved reserves caveat . Energy efficiency concepts include Conservation behavioral changes that reduce energy use. Energy efficiency permanent changes in equipment that result in increased energy services per unit of energy consumed. Economic potential for energy efficiency the technically feasible energy efficiency measures that are cost-effective. This potential may not be exploited because of market failures and barriers. During the past century world energy consumption has grown at a 2 annual rate. If this rate were to continue there would be a need for 7 times more energy per year in 2100. In the . the energy consumption is growing at a annual rate. At the 1 level this would lead to a 28 increase by 2025 and times increase by 2100. If the energy mix remains the same this will lead to a growing shortfall and increasing imports. In the . 39 of energy consumption is in residential and commercial buildings 33 in industry and 28 in transportation. Numerous studies have been made by groups of DOE s laboratories of the potential for improved energy efficiency Scenarios of . Carbon Reduction 1997 Energy_Eff Technology Opportunities to Reduce . Greenhouse Gas Emissions 1998 climate_change Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future 2000 ORNL Energy_Eff and Energy Policy Vol. 29 No 14 Nov. 2001 . Implementing Current Technologies In California s Secret Energy Surplus The Potential for Energy Efficiency by Rufo and Coito 2002 it is estimated that California has an economic energy savings potential of 13 of base electricity usage in 2011 and 15 of total base demand in 2011. Similarly in Natural Gas Price Effects of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy practices and Policies by Elliott et al. Am Council for an Energy Efficient economy 2003 http it is estimated that the . could