tailieunhanh - Energy Management Handbook for Homeowners phần 2

Khi mua một thiết bị, bạn phải trả nhiều hơn giá chỉ bán, bạn cam kết chính mình để thanh toán các chi phí chạy các thiết bị cho miễn là bạn sở hữu nó. Những chi phí năng lượng có thể tăng lên một cách nhanh chóng. Ví dụ, một chiếc tủ lạnh chạy từ 15 đến 20 năm chi phí 2-3 lần nhiều như giá mua ban đầu của đơn vị và các bóng đèn | Appliances When buying an appliance you pay more than just the selling price you commit yourself to paying the cost of running the appliance for as long as you own it. These energy costs can add up quickly. For example running a refrigerator 15 to 20 years costs two to three times as much as the initial purchase price of the unit and the 100-watt light bulb you bought for 50 cents will cost about 6 in electricity over its short life. Life-cycle Costing The sum of the purchase price and the energy cost of running an appliance over its lifetime is called its life-cycle cost. The life-cycle costs of energy-efficient appliances are lower than those of average models. EnergyGuide Labels When you shop for a major appliance look for the yellow and black EnergyGuide labels see page 9 that can help you choose the most efficient model you can afford. Appliance labeling was mandated by Congress as part of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975. Labels must be displayed on seven types of major appliances. These seven major appliances account for about 73 percent of all energy consumed in American homes. New appliance labeling rules passed in 1994 by the Federal Trade Commission to make energy-usage information easier to understand began showing up on appliances on July 1 1995. The biggest change in the labeling of refrigerators refrigerator freezers freezers dishwashers clothes washers and water heaters is a switch in the comparison base from an estimated annual operating cost of the appliance to its annual energy usage in kilowatt hours of electricity or therms of natural gas. Cost information will still be provided. For Missouri residents in 1993 the average price for electricity was cents kWh and for natural gas was cents therm. Federal law requires that EnergyGuide labels be placed on all new refrigerators freezers water heaters dishwashers clothes washers room and central air conditioners and heat pumps. For additional information you may contact the .