tailieunhanh - Expenditures on Children by Families, 2011

Although the overall technical efficiency of the system has increased considerably, mainly due to the introduction of output-based payment systems, allocative efficiency remains a problem. Considerable variations exist in service delivery both geographically and by specialization, and equity of access is far from being realized, a fact which is mirrored in differing health outcomes for different population groups. A key problem is the continuing lack of an overarching, evidence-based strategy for mobilizing resources for health, which leaves the health system vulnerable to broader economic policy objectives and makes good governance hard to achieve. . | United States Department of Agriculture Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion Miscellaneous Publication Number 1528-2011 USDA Expenditures on Children by Families 2011 Lino Mark. 2012 . Expenditures on Children by Families 2011. . Department of Agriculture Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Miscellaneous Publication No. 1528-2011. Abstract Since 1960 the . Department of Agriculture has provided estimates of expenditures on children from birth through age 17. This technical report presents the most recent estimates for husband-wife and single-parent families using data from the 2005-06 Consumer Expenditure Survey updated to 2011 dollars using the Consumer Price Index. Data and methods used in calculating annual child-rearing expenses are described. Estimates are provided for major components of the budget by age of child family income and region of residence. For the overall United States annual child-rearing expense estimates ranged between 12 290 and 14 320 for a child in a two-child married-couple family in the middle-income group. Adjustment factors for number of children in the household are also provided. Results of this study should be of use in developing State child support and foster care guidelines as well as in family educational programs. The publication appears on our Web site at . The . Department of Agriculture USDA prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race color national origin age disability and where applicable sex marital status familial status parental status religion sexual orientation genetic information political beliefs reprisal or because all or part of an individual s income is derived from any public assistance program. Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information Braille large print audiotape etc. should contact USDA s TARGET Center at 202 720-2600 voice and TDD .