tailieunhanh - Savers and Borrowers: FINANCIAL MARKETS IN THE UNITED STATES

The approach to assessing climate risks and im- pacts consists of the following sequential steps: (1) determining climate variables at the level of the city/watershed through downscaling techniques; (2) estimating impacts and vulnerability through hydrometeorological modeling, scenario analysis, and GIS mapping; and (3) preparing a damage/ loss assessment and identification/prioritization of adaptation options. As a first step, each of the city-level studies considered two IPCC scenarios, a high- and a low- emissions scenario, 4 and estimated climate risks to 2050. The 2050 time horizon for the study is ap- propriate given city-level planning horizons and the typical time frame for major flood protection measures. The downscaling. | FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO CO GO Savers Borrowers Financial Markets in the United States Table of Contents Introduction. 1 Economic Background. 3 Part I Financial Intermediaries in the Circular Flow. 3 Part II Financial Markets Where Savers and Borrowers Meet. 6 Lesson One Savings and Borrowing The Circular Flow. 11 Lesson Two Financial Markets Where Savers and Borrowers Meet. 19 Lesson Three Mutual Funds Understand the Risks. 28 Lesson Four Surfing the Channels Decisions and Choices on Saving and Borrowing. 32 Appendices. 40 A. Glossary B. References C. Curriculum Matrix D. The Circular Flow of the Economy E. Financial Intermediaries Savers Borrowers Financial Markets in the United States Introduction Introduction Savers Borrowers from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco has been developed for high school students enrolled in economics or consumer economics classes. Savers Borrowers has four overall learning objectives. The material in the curriculum package will enable students to understand that savings and investment are the sources of economic growth. in advanced economies financial markets efficiently channel savings to the most productive investments at home or abroad. financial institutions issue a range of financial products to attract funds and savers. borrowers and investors make decisions among financial products based primarily on risks rewards and the stream of interest income earned by the product. Students who complete the lessons and activities will be able to apply their knowledge in making decisions on savings investment and borrowing. They will also learn through these lessons and their assigned readings and research in print material and on the internet that financial institutions have evolved and will continue to evolve in response to changing economic circumstances and advances in technology resulting in more efficient methods of intermediation in the financial markets. The curriculum package contains everything educators .