tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp quốc tế đề tài: Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results. | Ann. For. Sci. 59 2002 723-752 INRA EDP Sciences 2002 DOI forest 2002060 723 Review Hydraulic architecture of trees main concepts and results Pierre Cruiziat Hervé Cochard and Thierry Améglio . PIAF INRA Université Blaise Pascal Site de Crouelle 234 av. du Brezet 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2 France Received 10 March 2001 accepted 13 February 2002 Abstract - Since about twenty years hydraulic architecture . is doubtless the major trend in the domain of plants and especially trees water relations. This review encompasses the main concepts and results concerning the hydraulic of architecture of trees. After a short paragraph about the definition of the . the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the . are presented. This is an occasion to discuss the pipe model from the . point of view. The second part starts with the central concept of embolism and give a review of important experimental results and questions concerning summer and winter embolism. The last part deals with the coupling between hydraulic and stomatal conductances. It discusses the theoretical and experimental relationships between transpiration and leaf water potential during a progressive soil drought the increase of soil-root resistance and its consequences in term of xylem vulnerability the factors controlling the daily maximum transpiration and how stomates can prevent run away embolism . In conclusion different kinds of unsolved questions of . which can be a matter of future investigations are presented in addition with a classification of trees behaviour under drought conditions. To end an appendix recalls the notions of water potential pressure and tension. hydraulic architecture cohesion-tension theory summer embolism winter embolism drought resistance Résumé - Architecture hydraulique des arbres concepts principaux et résultats. Sans aucun doute depuis une vingtained années l archi-tecture hydraulique . est devenue une approche majeure dans le domaine