tailieunhanh - Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 10

10 Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass Part II Production of Cellulases and Hemicellulases Rajeev K Sukumaran contents Abstract 142 Introduction 142 Cellulases 142 Hemicellulases 144 Microbial Lignocellulolytic Machinery: Complexed and Noncomplexed Systems 145 Microorganisms Producing Cellulases and Hemicellulases 146 Cellulases 146 Hemicellulase. | 10 Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass Part II Production of Cellulases and Hemicellulases Rajeev K Sukumaran CONTENTS Microbial Lignocellulolytic Machinery Complexed and Noncomplexed Microorganisms Producing Cellulases and Regulation of Cellulase and Hemicellulase Gene Molecular Approaches in Improving Production and Properties of Cellulases and Bioprocesses for Cellulase and Hemicellulase Cellulase Xylanase Assay of Cellulases and Cellulases and Hemicellulases for Biomass Ethanol Challenges for the 141 2009 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 142 Handbook of Plant-Based Biofuels ABSTRACT Creating ethanol from biomass is considered to be one of the most valuable solutions to the increasing liquid fuel demand. The technology for generating fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass is still not mature and is largely dependent on developments in cellulase enzyme technology since the most promising scheme for biomass hydrolysis involves the use of cellulose- and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes. The technology is receiving a renewed interest in the current scenario with increasing efforts to improve its efficiency and cost effectiveness. Currently the major limiting factor in the commercialization of biomass to ethanol technology is the cost of cellulase enzymes which is the major contributor to the production cost of bioethanol. Innumerable research efforts are directed towards understanding the fundamentals of microbial enzymes involved in biomass hydrolysis and their production and applications. Proper exploitation of microbial sources for biomass-degrading enzymes requires in-depth understanding of their physiology .