tailieunhanh - báo cáo hóa học: " Methods to recognize work-related cancer in workplaces, the general population, and by experts in the clinic, a Norwegian experience"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Methods to recognize work-related cancer in workplaces, the general population, and by experts in the clinic, a Norwegian experience | Langảrd and Lee Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2011 6 24 http content 6 1 24 _ JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY METHODOLOGY Open Access Methods to recognize work-related cancer in workplaces the general population and by experts in the clinic a Norwegian experience Sverre Langẵrd1 and Lukas Jyuhn-Hsiarn Lee2 3 Abstract Background In most countries the numbers of work-related cancer identified are much lower than are the estimated total burden of cancer caused by exposure at work. Therefore there is a great need to use all available practical as well as epidemiological methods for identification as well as to develop new methods of recognizing cases of work-related cancers. Methods Primarily based on practical experiences from Norway methods to identify cases of possible work-related cancers in the general population and at workplaces as well as methods to recognize more specific cases after referral to specialized clinics are reviewed in this publication. Results Countries applying a number of the available methods to detect work-related cancer reach a reporting rate of 60 such cases per million while other countries that do not employ such methods hardly identify any cases. As most subjects previously exposed to cancer causing agents and substances at work are gradually recruited out of work methods should be versatile for identification of cases in the general population as well as at work. Conclusions Even in countries using a number of the available methods for identification only a limited fraction of the real number of work-related cancer are notified to the labour inspectorate. Clinicians should be familiar with the methods and do the best to identify work-related cancer to serve prevention. Background A number of estimates on the contribution from work exposure to the total burden of cancers in the world as well as for specific countries have been presented the estimates vary from 2-3 to 6-7 1-3 . Although .