tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Cardiac surgery: What the future holds"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Cardiac surgery: What the future holds? | Parissis Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2011 6 93 http content 6 1 93 JCTS JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Open Access Cardiac surgery What the future holds Haralabos Parissis Abstract Cardiac surgery has been scrutinized and challenged as no other specialty has. That has brought new ideas and structural frameworks but has also brought uncertainty and scepticism. This report identifies the challenges that the specialty is facing and suggests solutions and strategies for the future. Introduction Within the last 50 years the steps of progress in the medical field are impressive The 5-year cancer survival rates have risen from 30 to over 60 1 . Cardiovascular mortality between 1950 and 1990 has decreased by about the same number HIV AIDS has been transformed into a chronic disease 1 . Life expectancy for a 45-year-old has increased 9 years since 1950 2 . On the other hand in the US only it has been estimated that the number of citizens over the age of 75 is expected to quadruple over the next 50 years 3 furthermore IHD is the leading cause of death and in UK accounts for of all deaths annually. IHD accounted for approximately one in six male deaths and one in eight female deaths during 2009 4 . So although the predictions outline the increased future demand of Cardiothoracic surgery the specialty has witnessed a notable decrease in applicants over the past decade. In this context Grover and colleagues 5 reported that the United States will face a severe shortage of cardiothoracic surgeons within 10 years if entry into the profession keeps declining. The problem There is a lack of interest amongst young trainees for the cardiothoracic specialty and since 2003 the number of recruiters in the specialty is reducing annually. The reason for this discrepancy is multifaceted. Aetiology 1 Coronary Stent technology has grown larger and has displaced Coronary Artery Bypass surgery globally In the British Isles three