tailieunhanh - competitive strategy techniques for analyzing industries and competitors phần 8

Không phải như vậy nhiều năm trước đây, phân bổ tài sản có nghĩa là sở hữu một loạt các cổ phiếu và trái phiếu và một số khoản tương đương tiền. Các quy tắc người thận trọng tăng cường loại suy nghĩ trong fiduciaries, hoặc những người chịu trách nhiệm về đầu tư khác | Competitive Strategy in Declining Industries 267 cuts that threatens the entire industry. Their staying power forces other firms to respond. Strategic Alternatives in Decline Discussions of strategy during decline usually revolve around disinvestment or harvest but there is a range of strategic alternatives although not all are necessarily feasible in any particular industry. The range of strategies can be conveniently expressed in terms of four basic approaches shown in Figure 12-1 to competing in decline which the firm can pursue individually or in some cases sequentially. In practice the distinctions among these strategies are rarely neat but there are advantages in discussing their objectives and implications separately. These strategies vary greatly not only in the goals they seek to achieve but also in their implications for investment. In the harvest and divest strategies the business is managed to produce disinvestment the classic goal of decline strategies. In leadership or niche strategies however the firm may actually want to invest in strengthening its position in the declining industry. Putting aside until the next section the question of approaches to matching the strategy to the industry and the particular firm we can explore the motivations for each strategic alternative and the common tactical steps in implementing it. FIGURE 12-1 Alternative Strategies Leadership Niche Seek a leadership position in terms of market share Create or defend a strong position in a particular segment Harvest Manage a controlled disinvestment taking advantage of strengths Divest Quickly Liquidate the investment as early in the decline phase as possible LEADERSHIP The leadership strategy is directed at taking advantage of a declining industry whose structure is such that the remaining firm or firms have the potential to reap above-average profitability and leadership is feasible vis-à-vis competitors. The firm aims at being 268 COMPETITIVE STRATEGY either the only firm or